What Are Normal Blood Sugar Level?
Blood sugar levels fluctuate throughout the day based on eating habits, physical activity, and individual health conditions. However, general guidelines define normal ranges for blood sugar level:
- Fasting Blood Sugar (before meals):
- Normal: 70–99 milligrams per deciliter, or mg/dL.
- Prediabetes: 100 to 125 mg/dL.
- Diabetes: 126 mg/dL or higher.
- Postprandial Blood Sugar (2 hours after eating):
- Normal: Less than 140 mg/dL.
- Prediabetes: 140 to 199 mg/dL.
- Diabetes: 200 mg/dL or higher.
- Random Blood Sugar:
- Normal: Below 200 mg/dL.
- A reading above 200 mg/dL may indicate diabetes, especially if accompanied by symptoms like frequent urination, excessive thirst, and unexplained weight loss.
- Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c):
- Normal: Below 5.7%.
- Prediabetes: 5.7% to 6.4%.
- Diabetes: 6.5% or higher.
The HbA1c test measures average blood sugar level over the past two to three months and provides a broader picture of glucose management compared to single-point tests. Book An Appointment
How Is Blood Sugar Measured?
Blood sugar level are measured using various methods, each with its specific purpose. Below are the primary techniques used to assess glucose levels:
1. Fasting Blood Sugar Test:
This test requires the individual to fast (no food or drink except water) for at least 8 hours. It provides a baseline blood sugar level and is often the first step in diagnosing diabetes or prediabetes.
2. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT):
The OGTT evaluates how efficiently the body processes glucose. After fasting, the individual consumes a sugary drink, and blood sugar level are measured at intervals, typically over a two-hour period. This test is particularly used for diagnosing gestational diabetes during pregnancy.
3. Random Blood Sugar Test:
This test can be performed at any time of the day without fasting. It’s commonly used to monitor existing diabetes or evaluate symptoms that may indicate abnormal glucose levels.
4. Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM):
CGM devices provide real-time data on blood sugar levels throughout the day and night. These devices are beneficial for individuals with diabetes who require precise glucose management.
5. HbA1c Test:
This test involves a blood sample to measure the percentage of glucose bound to hemoglobin in red blood cells. It reflects long-term blood sugar control and is crucial for managing chronic conditions like diabetes.
