Understanding Blood Sugar Levels
The principal source of energy for the cells for your body is blood sugar, additionally referred to as glucose. It originates from your diet, especially from carbs. However, consistently high or low blood sugar levels can lead to health problems.
Healthcare professionals use two main metrics to measure blood sugar levels:
- Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS): This measures your blood sugar after an 8- to 12-hour fast.
- Postprandial Blood Sugar (PPBS): This measures your blood sugar two hours after eating.
Additionally, the A1C test provides an average blood sugar level over the past 2-3 months, offering a broader picture of your glucose management.
Ideal Blood Sugar Levels
The target blood sugar levels can vary depending on age, health condition, and time of measurement. Below are general guidelines:
| Measurement Time | Normal Range | Prediabetes | Diabetes |
| Fasting | 70-99 mg/dL | 100-125 mg/dL | ≥126 mg/dL |
| 2 Hours After Eating | <140 mg/dL | 140-199 mg/dL | ≥200 mg/dL |
| A1C (Average) | <5.7% | 5.7% – 6.4% | ≥6.5% |
Factors Affecting Blood Sugar Levels
Several factors influence your blood sugar levels:
- Diet: Foods high in refined carbs and sugar can cause spikes.
- Physical Activity: Frequent exercise aids in blood sugar regulation.
- Stress: Blood sugar level can rise due to stress hormones.
- Medications: Some medicines, including insulin, impact glucose levels.
- Sleep Patterns: Poor sleep can negatively affect blood sugar control.
Tips for Maintaining Healthy Blood Sugar Level
- Adopt a Balanced Diet: Focus on whole grains, lean proteins, healthy fats, and plenty of vegetables. Avoid processed foods and sugary drinks.
- Keep Moving: On most days of the week, try to get in at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise.
- Keep an Eye on Your Levels: If you have diabetes or are at risk, check your blood sugar frequently.
- Reduce Stress: Engage in deep breathing exercises, yoga, meditation, and other relaxation methods.
- Follow Medical Advice: If prescribed, take your medications as directed and attend regular check-ups.
- Stay Hydrated: Drinking enough water supports your body’s ability to manage glucose levels.
When to Seek Medical Advice
If you experience symptoms like excessive thirst, frequent urination, extreme fatigue, or unexplained weight loss, consult a healthcare professional. These may be signs of abnormal blood sugar level requiring medical attention.
What is the Normal Blood Sugar Level for an Adult?
The normal blood sugar level for an adult varies depending on the timing of the measurement in relation to meals. For fasting blood sugar, taken after at least 8 hours without eating, the range is typically 70 to 99 mg/dL (3.9 to 5.5 mmol/L). Two hours after eating, blood sugar level should be less than 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L). Random blood sugar levels taken at any time during the day should ideally be below 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) in a healthy individual. Consistently higher or lower levels may indicate a need for medical evaluation to rule out conditions like diabetes or hypoglycemia. Maintaining these levels is crucial for overall health and well-being.
