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Cardiothoracic surgery is a specialized field of medicine that focuses on surgical procedures involving the heart, lungs, esophagus, and other organs within the chest cavity. This discipline has advanced significantly over the years, saving countless lives through innovative procedures. If you or a loved one is considering cardiothoracic surgery, understanding the process, risks, and advancements in the field can help you make informed decisions.

What Is Cardiothoracic Surgery?

Cardiothoracic surgery encompasses a wide range of surgical interventions performed on organs within the chest. The term is derived from “cardio” (heart) and “thoracic” (chest). This field includes procedures such as coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), valve replacements, lung resections, and heart transplants.

Specializations Within Cardiothoracic Surgery

Cardiothoracic surgery is further divided into subspecialties:

1. Cardiac Surgery – Focuses on surgical treatment of heart-related conditions, including coronary artery disease, valve disorders, and congenital heart defects.
2. Thoracic Surgery – Involves procedures on the lungs, esophagus, and chest wall, often related to conditions such as lung cancer, esophageal disorders, and emphysema.
3. Congenital Heart Surgery – Specializes in treating heart defects present at birth in infants, children, and adults.